The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the differences of schools on the physical fitness of deaf students. A total of 476 deaf college students, aged 18 participated in our study, and they were divided into 3 groups: the first group attended schools for the deaf from elementary to high school, the second attended regular/mainstream schools, and the third attended both schools for the deaf and regular schools. Their physique and physical fitness had been measured in the first year of the college: standing height, body weight, grip strength, standing trunk flexion, vertical jump, back strength, side step, 12-min endurance run, 50-m dash, standing long jump, and handball throwing. Results of ANCOVA revealed that the performance of the deaf school group was significantly better than the other 2 groups in side step and 12-min endurance run for males, and in vertical jump, side step, 50-m dash, standing long jump and handball throwing for females. These results showed that the different educational setting of deaf students affected their physical fitness. Also, it was found that the educational setting of female students from schools for the deaf had a stronger tendency to affect their physical fitness than those of males.